PREAMBLE:
l a real concern own is a constant, besides being also a constant current the fact of rising crime. Therefore, the person who is able to incorporate into your home alarm system, you get, no doubt, an advantage over those who can not. It seems that the possibility is remote because the high costs and limited availability for the preparation and installation more complicated purchase. However, in this documentary that I have prepared them to tell you the easiest way for you to arm their own alarm with high efficiency.
DEVELOPMENT |
is powered by a 9V battery and this circuit triggers a siren when a sensor stops. The alarm remains on duty at a certain time, after which current consumption is reduced to zero, so that energy expenditure is reduced at rest. This is very important in the case of 9-volt battery, which will make more lasting utility.
The characteristics of this device are:
- Power: 9V (battery)
- Power consumption in standby mode: 10μA
- Current consumption (max.): 150 mA. Load Impedance: 4 or 8 ohm
features just mentioned suggest that the consumption of inexpensive energy.
FIG. 1 .- Block diagram of the alarm
The first section consists of sensors that are indeed thin wires that connect the points and objects that are to be protected, so connections that are disrupted by the slightest movement.
In standby, the sensors maintain continuity between the resistor R1 and the negative pole of the battery, having no bias for transistor Q1, which makes the oscillator remains off.
When stopping the sensor wire, the capacitor C1 starts charging through R1 and R2, then placing the oscillator in operation.
As the capacitor is loaded, the base current of Q1 and the voltage on the oscillator will decrease gradually until the oscillator and is not able to function. That is on hold.
The charging time depends on the time constant (Rl + R2) / C1, plus the input resistance by Q1, the resistance between the bases of Q2, etc.
With the component values \u200b\u200bshown, the alarm may sound for 3 minutes. As if we change the capacitor C1 by one of l000 uF, the time of operation will be from 4:30 minutes.
The third block represents the circuit diagram of oscillation.
As discussed already, it is a relaxation oscillator with unilateral transistor operating in the audio frequency. Using the values \u200b\u200bprovided in the bill of materials, work in the oscillator frequency of 4.5 KHz or so. Interested readers can experience the value of C2 alternating to change the sound.
LIST OF MATERIALS
Q1 = BD135
Q2 = 2N2646 - TRANSISTOR UNIJUNTURA
EQUIVALENT
Q4 = TIP 31
Q5 = 2N3055 - NPN SILICON HIGH POWER
C1 = 470 uF 16 V - ELECROLITICO
C2 = 47 nF - CERAMIC
R1 = 82 K (gray, red, orange)
R2 = 22 K (red, red, orange)
R3 = 100 ohms (brown, black, brown)
R4 = 4.7 K (yellow, purple, red)
R5 = 1 K (brown, black, red)
R6 = 2.2 M (red, red, green)
:
- Battery 9 V
- battery connector
- PCB
- loudspeaker 8 ohm
- Momentary contact key (S1)
- common switch (S2)
- sink to Q5
- wire
- welding
excite This circuit allows a speaker with good power 4 or 8 ohms, being efficient for the purposes of the project.
The complete circuit of the alarm shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 .- Diagram of the circuit to build
Be the bridge mount terminals, and breadboard but the ideal is to make printed circuit board and that the alarm should occupy as little space as possible so that it is camouflaged. Ideally, this is not a view which contre lower risks to be disconnected.
In FIG. 3 gives the design of printed circuit board and component layout.
The power transistor (Q5) to be mounted outside of the plate and have a heat radiator, which can dissipate the heat distribution in the circuit, the current flow. For more volume, use a good quality speakerphone and 10 cm
We can be seen that only two sensors placed in the diagram (X, X2), but nothing prevents many units are connected in series. To mount the sensors use thin wires or strips of aluminum foil and then there will be greater sensitivity. These wires are attached to two points, one in the fixed and the other on the moving part of the window, for example, and connected the circuit, the main common thread through connection.
FIG. 3 .- Design plate
To test the alarm, the threads of the two sensors, press S1 and S2 operate.
disconnecting one wire sensors, with its disruption should trip the alarm immediately sound broadcasts. After some time the sound intensity gradually decreases until it stops.
Once activated, to reset the alarm should be reworked dropped connections and press S1. Checking the operation, could be the final installation.
- WWW.MONOGRAFIAS.COM
- WWW.ELECTRON.COM
- WWW.EQUISO.COM
- ELECTRONICA 2000. ISSUE 24.
- fundamental electronics. PROJECTS.
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FOR MY FRIENDS I HOPE THIS IDEA OF ALARM LES is to your liking. COMPONENTS ARE VERY EASY TO FIND.
AUTHOR:
Arvizu Carlos Campa
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